Constipation in Pregnancy

Constipation in pregnancy may show up as fewer bowel movements, hard stools or straining on the toilet. Hormonal changes during pregnancy can slow down bowel movements. Your diet, how much you move during the day and taking iron supplements are also among the factors that can affect your bowel habits. In some people, constipation comes with bloating, abdominal discomfort or a feeling of incomplete emptying. These symptoms don't look the same in every pregnancy and can vary from person to person.

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What Causes Constipation in Pregnancy? Symptoms and Changes in Bowel Habits

What Causes Constipation in Pregnancy?

Hormonal changes in pregnancy can slow down bowel movements. Iron supplements, changes in your diet and moving less during the day can also lead to constipation.

What Are the Symptoms of Constipation?

Infrequent bowel movements, hard stools, straining and a feeling of not fully emptying your bowels can occur with constipation. These symptoms may lead you to spend a long time on the toilet or to strain during bowel movements.

Physiotherapy Support for Constipation in Pregnancy

A physiotherapy assessment looks at how your breathing, abdominal muscles and pelvic floor muscles work together during bowel movements. Depending on your needs, we work on toilet positioning, relaxation and habits for emptying your bowels without straining.

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Common and Treatable

A meta-analysis published in 2024 combining 13 studies calculated the global prevalence of constipation in pregnancy at 32.4%.

"Since I got pregnant, I go to the bathroom less often."

"Even after I go, I feel like my bowels haven't fully emptied."

"I spend a long time on the toilet but can't go easily."

Salari N, Mohamadi S, Hemmati M, ve ark. Global prevalence of constipation during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2024;24:836.

Constipation in Pregnancy FAQ

Is constipation common in pregnancy?

Yes, constipation is one of the most common complaints in pregnancy. Hormonal changes can slow down bowel movements; iron supplements and changes in daily habits can also play a part.

What can I do to relieve constipation during pregnancy?

Gradually adding fiber-rich vegetables, fruit, legumes and whole grains to your diet, drinking enough fluids and moving regularly, if it is appropriate for your pregnancy, can help. As you increase your fiber intake, increase your water intake as well.

Can I take laxatives for constipation during pregnancy?

Not every medication is equally suitable during pregnancy. If diet and daily habits don't bring relief, talk to your doctor, midwife or pharmacist before using any laxative.

How does pelvic floor physiotherapy help with constipation?

Some people find it difficult to relax their pelvic floor muscles or coordinate them with their breathing during bowel movements. Your physiotherapist assesses your toilet position, breathing and your pelvic floor muscles' ability to relax, and gives you advice that suits you.

When should I see a healthcare provider about constipation?

If constipation lasts a long time, causes significant discomfort, or comes with severe abdominal pain or blood in your stool, talk to the healthcare provider following your pregnancy. If you take medication or supplements, also mention your constipation to your doctor.